12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀模擬:美國(guó)獨(dú)立日
2021-12-01點(diǎn)擊量:160
The4thOfJuly—ADayOfRejoicingThe4thofJulyisthemostimportantholidayintheUSA,foritcommemoratesthatfamousdayin1776whentheAmericansdeclaredtheirindependence.CongressmadethedeclarationinPhiladelphia,andthatnightinthecitytherewerejoyfulcelebrationsthatsoonbecamenationwide.Eversince,the4thofJulyhasbeenmarkedintheAmericancalendarasIndependenceDay,andthereareparadesandfestivitiesofallkinds.ThebasiccauseoftheAmericans’struggleforindependenceagainstthemothercountry,England,wastoomuchinterferenceandintolerancefromLondonandverylittleunderstandingofAmericanproblemsandpride.MostgallingtotheAmericanswastheassumptionbytheEnglishGovernmentandtheKingthattheyhadarighttotaxtheirsubjectsoverseaswithouttheirconsentandwithoutgivingthemanythinginreturn.TheBritishweredivided.Itwasawarinspiringnopatriotism.AsforthetroopswhichtheGovernmentsenttofighttherebels,theywereunenthusiasticandincompetent,especiallytheirleaders.TheAmericanshadnoarmy.Infact,itisquitepossiblethatbutfortheextraordinaryfaithandleadershipofGeorgeWashington,therevolutionmighthavecometonothing.Hebuiltanarmythatremainedloyaltohimuntiltheend,despiteterriblehardships.Hewasatruefrontiersman.HehadseenlandsthatheknewwouldmakeanindependentAmericaamightynation.Hewasgivenvaluablesupportbythetwogreatpatriots—ThomasJeffersonandBenjaminFranklin.ItwasFranklinwhohelpedpersuadetheFrenchtocomeintothewaragainsttheBritish.In1781aBritisharmycommandedbyanexceptionallyincompetentgeneral,LordCornwallis,surrenderedtotheAmericansatYorktown,Virginia,andthewarwasover.Notlongafterward,the13coloniesbecameStatesandjoinedtogetherinaUnion.TheeffectoftheAmericanRevolutionwasfar-reaching.TheDeclarationofIndependencedrawnupbyThomasJeffersonisoneofthemostimportantdocumentseverpublished,anditdroppedlikeabombshellonthewesternworld.HerearethetwosentenceswhichshooktherulingclassesofEurope.“Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal,thattheyareendowedbytheirCreatorwithcertainunalienablerights,thatamongthesearelife,libertyandthepursuitofhappiness.”Thesecondsentencewasevenmoredisturbingtothem:“Thattosecuretheserights,governmentsareinstitutedamongmen,derivingtheirjustpowersfromtheconsentofthegoverned.”題目Ⅰ.Changethefollowingverbsinparenthesesintotheirnounforms:1.Their________(assume)thattheirprojectunderwaywassomethingentirelynewprovedtobeuntrue.2.Heshowedstrong________(lead)duringhisfirstterminoffice.3.Thewholebookisproducedandeditedinthe________(pursue)ofexcellence.4.Ifyourneighborsaretoonoisythenyouhavecausefor________(complain).Ⅱ.ArethesestatementsTrueorFalseaccordingtothearticle?1.The4thofJulyisadayforrejoicingbecauseChristopherColumbusdiscoveredtheNewWorldonthisday.2.IntheBritishParliament,therehasachievedaconsensusonfightingagainsttheAmericancolony.3.TheUnitedStatesisoriginallycomposedofthirteencolonies.4.ItwasJeffersonwhopersuadedtheFrenchtostandwiththemselvestofightagainsttheBritishtogether.參考答案Ⅰ.1.assumption2.leadership3.pursuit4.complaintⅡ.1.F2.F3.T4.F參考譯文7月4日——?dú)g慶的一天7月4日是美國(guó)最重要的節(jié)日,因?yàn)樗o(jì)念了1776年美國(guó)人宣告獨(dú)立的那個(gè)非常重要的日子。就在那天,大陸會(huì)議在費(fèi)城發(fā)表《獨(dú)立宣言》,那天晚上該城還舉行了各種歡慶活動(dòng),不久這些活動(dòng)很快就遍及全國(guó)。從那以后,7月4日在美國(guó)的日歷上就被標(biāo)為獨(dú)立日。在獨(dú)立日那天,美國(guó)各地會(huì)有形式多樣的游行和慶祝活動(dòng)。美國(guó)人反對(duì)母國(guó)英國(guó)、爭(zhēng)取獨(dú)立的根本原因是倫敦方面干涉太多,過(guò)于固執(zhí),而且很少理解美國(guó)人的種種問(wèn)題和自尊心。最使美國(guó)人惱火的是英國(guó)政府和國(guó)王傲慢地認(rèn)為他們有權(quán)不經(jīng)他們海外臣民的同意征收稅款,卻不給予任何回報(bào)。英國(guó)人對(duì)這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)意見(jiàn)分歧。這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)并沒(méi)有激起愛(ài)國(guó)熱情。至于英國(guó)政府派去與反叛者作戰(zhàn)的部隊(duì),他們并不熱心,也無(wú)力作戰(zhàn),他們的頭目更是如此。美國(guó)人沒(méi)有自己的軍隊(duì)。事實(shí)上,要是沒(méi)有喬治·華盛頓異常的忠誠(chéng)和非凡的領(lǐng)導(dǎo),049這場(chǎng)革命本來(lái)是很可能會(huì)一事無(wú)成的。盡管條件十分艱苦,他仍然創(chuàng)建了一支始終忠于他的軍隊(duì)。他是個(gè)名副其實(shí)的邊疆開(kāi)拓者。他已經(jīng)看出他所熟悉的那些土地將會(huì)使獨(dú)立的美國(guó)成為一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的國(guó)家。他還得到了兩位杰出的愛(ài)國(guó)志士托馬斯·杰斐遜和本杰明·富蘭克林的寶貴支持。正是富蘭克林說(shuō)服了法國(guó)人同英國(guó)人交戰(zhàn)。1781年,異常無(wú)能的將軍康沃利斯勛爵指揮下的英國(guó)軍隊(duì)在弗吉尼亞的約克敦向美國(guó)人投降了,于是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)宣告結(jié)束。之后不久,13個(gè)殖民地變成了13個(gè)州,共同組成一個(gè)聯(lián)邦。美國(guó)獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的影響是深遠(yuǎn)的。由托馬斯·杰斐遜起草的《獨(dú)立宣言》是有史以來(lái)發(fā)表過(guò)的最重要的文獻(xiàn)之一,它像一顆炸彈一樣扔向西方世界。下面兩句話震撼了歐洲統(tǒng)治階級(jí)———“我們認(rèn)為這些真理不言自明:所有人都是生來(lái)平等的,他們都有上帝賦予的某些不可剝奪的權(quán)利,其中包括生存權(quán)、自由權(quán)和追求幸福的權(quán)利!钡诙湓捝踔粮顾麄兏械讲话,“為了保護(hù)這些權(quán)利,人們便設(shè)立政府,政府的正當(dāng)權(quán)力來(lái)自被統(tǒng)治者的同意。”本文由培訓(xùn)無(wú)憂網(wǎng)新東方教育專(zhuān)屬課程顧問(wèn)整理發(fā)布,更多大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試培訓(xùn)課程信息歡迎關(guān)注培訓(xùn)無(wú)憂網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)培訓(xùn)頻道或添加老師微信:15033336050...