GRE邏輯題有什么難的? 老師在上課：“邏輯題在GRE閱讀中占比重并不大，但是令人震驚的是，邏輯題卻能被分為boldface, assumption, inference, weaken, strengthen等等很多類別。”
老師補充說到：“那要是我們不分類呢?那要是復習邏輯題也能同時復習作文呢?，邏輯題做對了閱讀文章也更清晰了呢?保不齊還能提高口語水平呢?想要同時考GMAT的同學，邏輯題占了verbal的1/3，GMAT數學中的data sufficiency也是在用邏輯。所以你要不要試一試好好學一學?”開門見山，我們看這道題。
In the past ten years, there have been several improvements in mountain-climbing equipment. These improvements have made the sport both safer and more enjoyable for experienced climbers. Despite these improvements, however, the rate of mountain climbing injuries has doubled in the past ten years.
Which of the following, if true, best reconciles the apparent discrepancy presented in the passage?
A. Many climbers, lulled into a false sense of security, use the new equipment to attempt climbing feats of which they are not capable.
B. Some mountain-climbing injuries are caused by unforeseeable weather conditions.
C. Mountain climbing, although a dangerous sport, does not normally result in injury to the experienced climber.
D. In the past ten years there have been improvements in mountain-climbing techniques as well as in mountain-climbing equipment.
E. Although the rate of mountain-climbing injuries has increased, the rate of mountain-climbing deaths has not changed.
一句話來概括就是：登山設備性能提高反而造成登山死亡率升高。要選擇一個選項去和解這個矛盾。而且這個選項必須是合理的并且完全可以通過已知信息推出來的。經常出現的混淆視聽的選項可能有哪些?
比如，登山人數增多。但是由于題干中已經指出說是死亡率(百分比死亡人數)增高，所以絕對人數并不能解釋此現象。所以，留給我們的有用信息只有—登山設備性能提高這一個條件而已。那么什么衍生行為能夠被登山設備性能提高這一條件直接合理影響并且可以造成死亡率升高的結果呢?人們開始變的更作了唄!所以此題應該選A。
看完了簡單題，那我們看一個難一點的。
A photograph from 1843 is sometimes claimed to be the earliest surviving portrait of Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865), sixteenth President of the United States. The photograph shows a face without a cleft chin, whereas Lincoln’s chin was cleft. However, since skilled retouching of a photographic negative can undetectably change a feature such as a cleft chin in portraits produced from the negative, absence of a cleft chin is inconclusive as evidence that the photograph is not Lincoln.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument？
A. Few of the authenticated photographs of Lincoln show his cleft chin, since during his presidency (1860-1865) he was bearded.
B. An authenticated photograph of Lincoln taken in 1846 clearly shows a cleft chin.
C. The photograph was made by the daguerreotype process, an early photographic process in which no negative was produced.
D. The 1843 photograph differs from authenticated photographs of Lincoln from the time before he was President in that those photographs show a man with a sunburned face and wearing rough clothes.
E. There is no surviving documentary evidence from Lincoln’s letters or elsewhere that he sat for a photograph at any time before 1846.
邏輯關系是：由于在負片上可以運用美圖技術，所以即使照片的下巴和真人的不太一樣，所以并不能說明照片不是林肯。我們要做的是什么：削弱這個結論，所以我們目標要建立的結論應該是：能說明這個照片不是林肯。
跟上一道題一樣，結論簡歷在一個假設上，這個假設為：負片上可以運用美圖技術。所以我只要證明這個假設不成立即可：比如1，沒有負片;2，不會美圖。所以 此題應該選C。
那好，我們現在總結一下。任何邏輯都是會有假設premise和結論conclusion。找到一個邏輯的漏洞可以從兩種方法入手，一種找到premise本身的缺陷，另一種則是找到推理的缺陷。舉個栗子：
由于現在的車禍中越來越多的卷入了青少年，所以青少年開車問題很嚴重，所以在學校內部應該開設課程教青少年開車。Premise的問題出在哪里?怎么影響結論?
車禍中卷入青少年，指代不清楚，有可能青少年是受害方;如以上假設成立，那么學校里開設教青少年開車的行為并不能減少此類車禍現象。可以削弱結論。那邏輯的問題呢?
青少年和學校里的青少年可以畫等號么?這里也是我們可以削弱的一個地方，即開車的青少年有可能是不上學的青少年。如果此題出現在作文的argument題干，那我們也可以進一步通過在學校開辦開車課程的可行性進行削弱。
所以總體來講，我們任何邏輯都是由收集數據，分析數據，得出結論，推出下一結論的過程。我們的削弱和增強也可以在任何一個環節，也可以是削弱或者加強環節與環節之間的聯系。
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